HMPV Virus India: Key Details and Updates
In the wake of the ongoing outbreak of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in China, precautionary measures are being taken in India as well. Routine checks conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) network laboratories have identified at least two cases of HMPV in the country. The central government has also provided important information regarding this infection.
Government’s Statement on HMPV
The Union Health Ministry has stated that HMPV has already spread globally, including in India, with respiratory disease cases linked to the virus reported in various countries. In India, two cases of HMPV have been detected. Importantly, neither of these patients had any international travel history, confirming that the infections in India are unrelated to the rising cases in China.
The two Indian cases were identified in Bengaluru at Baptist Hospital. The patients include a three-month-old girl and an eight-month-old boy, both showing symptoms of pneumonia. The girl has been discharged, while the boy is currently under treatment and recovering.
Why is HMPV Being Closely Monitored?
The Health Ministry recently formed a Joint Monitoring Group to track developments in China. This group is working with the World Health Organization (WHO) to stay updated on the situation. Globally, cases of respiratory infections tend to rise during winter months, and the increase in HMPV cases in China has raised concerns. While China’s Ministry of Health has not provided official information, the Joint Monitoring Group continues to gather updates from the WHO.
What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?
HMPV is an RNA virus belonging to the genus Metapneumovirus in the family Pneumoviridae. It was first discovered in 2001 by Dutch researchers studying samples from children. Research suggests the virus has been circulating for at least six decades.
HMPV primarily spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing and through close contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. The incubation period is typically 3–5 days, and the virus is most prevalent during the winter and spring months.
Symptoms of HMPV
HMPV causes symptoms similar to the common cold and COVID-19, such as:
- Cough
- Fever
- Runny nose
Precautionary Measures
Officials are urging people to follow basic preventive measures, such as:
- Wearing masks in crowded places
- Washing hands frequently
- Maintaining respiratory hygiene
ICMR’s Monitoring Efforts
The ICMR collects data on respiratory infections, including HMPV, RSV, and various influenza strains. According to recent data, the influenza B Victoria strain and RSV were the main causes of respiratory infections observed in India last month.
HMPV may not be new, but its rise in China and cases detected in India highlight the importance of continued vigilance and public health measures.
